People as Resource free essay sample

What do you understand by ‘people as a resource’? Solution: ‘People as a Resource’ is a way of referring to a country’s working capital in terms of their existing productive skills and abilities. Like various other resources people or population is a resource commonly termed as ‘Human Resource’. There are  some people  who regard population as liability rather than an asset. But it is not true; people can be turned into a productive asset if we make investment on them in the form of education, training and medical care. For example, Japan did not have any natural resource. They made investments on their people especially in the fields of education and health. Ultimately, these people after efficient use of their resources made their country rich and developed. Q. 2: How is human resource different from other resources like land and physical capital? Solution: Human resource superior to other resources like land and physical capital because human resources can make use of land and capital. We will write a custom essay sample on People as Resource or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Land and physical capital can not become useful of their own. What is the role  of education in human capital formation? Solution: Education has a vital role to play in human capital formation or in human resource development. It helps an  individual  to make better use of economic opportunities available before him. Education and skill are the major determinants of the earning of an  individual  in the market. Apart from these education has many other benefits such as. It helps a man to make all around  development and  opens the avenue of prosperity. * It uplifts his abilities as a skilled worker and enables him to earn better. Education enables a man to get rid of bad habits. * It helps a man to acquire good habits and become an ideal citizen for his country. * Literate parents are aware of the benefits of education of their children. They are also conscious of proper nutrition and hygiene. Q. 4:  What is the role  of health  in human capital formation? Solution: Health does not mean survival only. This term includes something much more. It involves not only the  physical fitness  of the  individual  but also his mental, economic and social well-being. The role  of health  in human capital formation or in individual’s working life is quite important. Health involves the physical, mental, economic and social well-being of an individual. It not only improves the quality of life of an individual but also adds to the human resource development on which depend the various sectors of national economy. Health covers a wide range of activities including  family welfare, population control, drug control, immunization and prevention of food adulteration etc. Only a healthy person can do full justice to his job. Thus it plays a vital role in individual’s working life. An unhealthy person is a liability for his family, organization and country. No organization will employ such a person who can not work efficiently because of ill-health. Q. 5: What part does health play in individual’s working life? Solution: Refer to answer of Q. No. 4 above. Q. 6: What are the various activities undertaken in the primary sector, secondary sector and tertiary sectors? Solution: Activities can be classified under the following three sectors on the basis of the nature of their products or materials used: Primary Sector   Activities concerned with gathering or making available materials provided by nature are included in Primary Sector like agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, poultry farming, fishing, mining etc. Secondary Sector   Such activities which transform raw materials or primary products into commodities more useful to man are included under Secondary Sector. Some such activities are like manufacturing, quarrying. Tertiary Sector   This sector includes those activities which are a must for running modern industries or support the activities of the above two sectors. For example banking, transport, trade, education, insurance etc. Q. 8: Why are women employed in low paid work? Solution: There is no gainsaying that women are generally employed in low paid work as compared to men. The reasons of the same are as follows: * Education is one of the major determinants of the earning of an  individual  in the market. As majority of the women have meager education so they are paid less than men. Along with education, skill is also an important determinant which affects the pay of anindividual. Women are generally unskilled so they are employed in low paid work. It is also a fact that women can not do as much physical work as men can do. So naturally they are paid less than men. * Women have generally an additional responsibility of bringing up their family and children and so they can not be as regular as men in their duties. Hence, they are employed in low paid work and paid less as compared to men. Q. 9: How will you explain the term ‘unemployment’? Solution: A situation in which a section of the people, who are able and willing to work, but do not find gainful work is referred to as ‘unemployment’. Such a situation is often found in developing countries as compared to developed countries. Q. 10: What is the difference between disguised unemployment and seasonal unemployment? Solution:  Disguised unemployment   In disguised unemployment, people appear to be employed while actually they are not adding to the productivity. This can be explained by the following example: Farmers in India use primitive methods of production in agriculture due to poverty. Lack of ownership right present in the existing land tenure system e. g. f we use modern methods of cultivation, a situation can be created when only two persons of a family can complete the work in farm instead of three. But the lack of modern methods and poverty create a situation that three persons work when the same work can be performed by two persons. So, one person is disguisedly employed. Seasonal unemployment   Seasonal unemployment happens when people are not able to find jobs during some months of the year. Agriculture in India  is not a whole time occupation. It is seasonal. The cultivators generally grow only one crop in a year. As such in the rural sector and in the lean season, the cultivators and the hired agriculture workers find no work to do. The seasonal character of  Agriculture in India  leads to seasonal unemployment. Q. 11: Why is educated unemployment, a peculiar problem of India? Solution: Unemployment has become a common problem not only in rural areas but also in urban areas. Educated unemployment has become a common phenomenon in urban areas in our country. The reasons for the same are the following: 1. Defects in the Educational System Our educational system has failed to see the ground realities. After spending so many years in schools and colleges, our young generation, both men and women, come out in large numbers without any practical training whatsoever. They add to the number of already educated unemployed thus, making the problem all the more complex. In this way our educational system failed to deliver the goals as was expected. 2. Growth in the Industrial and Service Sectors is not Adequate The Growth in the Industrial and Service Sectors is not so satisfactory. No doubt that these two sectors have shown some improvement in creating employment opportunities over the years. But this improvement is not adequate to absorb the educated unemployed persons. The continuous migration of unskilled labour to urban areas has further added to the problem of the educated unemployed. 3. Visa Restrictions imposed by the Developed Countries Some of our educated unemployed are prepared to seek jobs in foreign countries like USA, Britain, Germany etc but Visa Restrictions imposed by most of the developed countries have further worsened the employment opportunities for the educated people. In which fields do you think India can build the maximum employment opportunities? Solution: Economic activities are divided into three sectors primary, secondary and tertiary. The primary sector especially agriculture employs two-thirds of the population of India. The secondary sector, especially manufacture industry, absorbs about 10% of the total working population while tertiary sector employs about 25% of our population. In the case of agriculture, there is no scope for further employment. As a result of disguised unemployment, many members of the farming families are unable to get full time work. As a result, much emphasis will now have to be put on manufacturing activities which belong to the secondary sector. This sector now absorbs only 10% of the working population. There is much scope in this sector so new manufacturing units can be set up and maximum employment opportunities created. Some people can be absorbed in the tertiary sector as well by expanding the scopes of activities like transport communication, banking, education, health, tourism and other such services.

It Is Time To Reaffirm Our Actions essays

It Is Time To Reaffirm Our Actions essays The history of this Nation is being carved with the chisels of our incessant struggle towards freedom and equality. Evidently, that struggle has continually propelled us scores of years away from slavery and flagrant bigotry. Yes, we can not deny to ourselves that our odyssey to the realms of crystal-clear equality has not yet ended. Though, attempting to surpass the craters of injustice with fabricated bridges of unequal treatment will merely make our journey that much more treacherous and insurmountable. No matter how benevolently intended, practicing preferential treatment based on race, ethnicity, and gender ultimately results in great social discomfort to everyone involved. Initially, in the mid 1960s, Affirmative Action programs were intended to protect minorities from racial and gender discrimination. Today, we need to demonstrate to ourselves that we have truly progressed towards a gender and color-blind society, since the inception of Affirmative Action. To materialize that goal, we must start adopting feasible alternatives that may allow us to value and select the most suitable individuals, among ourselves, based solely on the merit of our abilities and actions, and Not on our God-given skin-pigment and/or gender. Affirmative Action Programs have ingrained and extended into a very wide array of social programs and minority groups in the United States. Therefore, It would be impossible to fit every Affirmative Action issue within the length and scope of this research assignment. As a result, I will confine the discussion in this paper to the general philosophical ideology that serves as the core of Affirmative Action. That is preferential treatment based solely on race and gender, in the workplace. For instance, the following issue is commonplace in today's workplace: "Two business education teachers one black, one white were hired on the same day by the Piscaway School Board. When the board was ...

SUMMARY OF 2 ARTICLES Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

SUMMARY OF 2 ARTICLES - Essay Example Examples of situations given are the 2008 economic recession and the European debt crisis of 2010. The article begins by describing the financial crisis that had recently engulfed the global economy and the role played by the Bretton woods institutions in restricting financial activities along with the potential for monetary panic. It additionally states that the breakdown of these institutions brought forth great expansions in the scales, scope along with the speculative nature of monetary activities. The global monetary crisis that took place in the year 2008 is described and related to the complex, uncontrolled and interlinked environment of the financial systems found across the globe. It also describes the sovereign debt crisis happening within the European continent as a continuation of this crisis which according to the author has however been utilized by the monetary markets in attempting to reassert their influence. Reforms that are being initiated and implemented within the international monetary system have also been described by the author in the article. The main arg ument presented by the article is that the concepts behind the world wide monetary architecture have been misconceived among the different economies around the globe. The article stipulates that the system required should use national monetary regulation that is coordinated using international organizations. It describes the role of monetary regulation as constraining the power along with the size of the monetary systems to the appropriate levels. Finally, it suggests that member countries should adopt the reforms put forward by organizations like the International Monetary Fund to place the burdens of making adjustments on a country’s population for the purpose of ensuring that all foreign creditors are paid their dues. It is further suggested that after the international creditors have all been paid up, the

Case Study -- Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Case Study -- Report - Essay Example Finally, a link has been brought out to bring out the relationship between training and other aspects of human resource management. Most importantly, training was found to have a direct relationship with motivation of employees. Training is effective in identifying the requirements in employees’ performance and by motivating him to do so. The project is primarily based on secondary research. Finally the project recommends the implementation of different techniques of training, namely on-job and off-job training. In this context, both the advantages and drawbacks are discussed at length. Introduction This project aims to bring forth the importance to training and development programs in organisations for uplifting individual as well as organisational performance. The Sing Tel Optus case study is chosen for the purpose of identifying the above requirements. The case speaks of a new training and development program introduced by the company to train its employees. This training i s not only meant to enhance the existing skills of the staff, but is also aimed at rewarding the employees for successful completion of the program. The main purpose of this case study is to bring out the impacts that this program has had on the employees and the organisation. In this context, the project tries to discuss how the program adds to the skills and productivity of the employees. It brings out the results that the program has generated in uplifting the market image of the company as being a favourable employer. The different kinds of training methods, namely, on-the-job and off-the-job training methods have been discussed. The advantages and drawbacks of each method have been discussed. This has been done in the context of Sing Tel Opus’s training strategies and the benefits and loopholes of the same. A relationship between such training and development strategies and the various human resource management practices have been brought to focus in the project. Concept s like motivation and performance appraisals have a direct relation with the system of training and development in organisations. The interdependencies between these concepts have been highlighted in the project. Importance of Training and Development (T&D) There is a common phrase said by Confusius in 5th century BC, â€Å"Give a person a fish and you feed him for a day. Teach a person to fish and you feed him for a lifetime† is still valid (McClelland, 2002, p.7). In the early days, businesses considered the workers similar to other factors of production. Therefore, the main aim was to get maximum utilisation of the labour force. However, with time the corporate people realised that human resource is quite different from the other resources. To improve the productivity of this particular resource, it should be trained. This through process motivated businesses to plan different types of training and develop programmes for its human resource so that it can acquire required s kill and knowledge to fulfil the job responsibility in best possible manner. Scholars such as Knowles (1989), Noe (2008) & Blanchard and Thacker (2007) pointed out that the motivation to learn is influenced by two major components; these are

International Marketing Case Study Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

International Marketing Case Study - Coursework Example The marketing strategy while strengthening the global brand should have a customized appeal for the customers of the markets of the developed economies. Customers of developed markets are usually more quality conscious rather than price conscious unlike their counterparts in developing economies. Chinese brands need to invest more on Research & Development if they want to market themselves successfully in developed economies. Capabilities in research and development can be acquired by building research & development centers in the developed markets. Li Ning has built such Research & Development Centers in Hong Kong and United States. There are also differences in consumer tastes and preferences. Incorporating these differences in the products is critical for the success of internalization of any Chinese brand. Another dynamic capability that is extremely important is to have the right distribution network so that the target segment in the developed economies can be easily accessed to. Besides the product issues there are also issues related to customer service. Every product has a service component attached to it. In comparison to China the level of customer service is quite high in the developed economies of the West. Therefore, when foraying into markets of the developed world, Chinese companies need to make their customer service more customer oriented and friendly. Last but not the least the differences in culture and business are significant between China and the more developed West (Philip Kotler, 2008). The Chinese companies need to incorporate such cultural aspects of the West like transparency, individuality and a strong sense of commitment towards the customers as stakeholders, if they want to make a mark in the developed economies. For building a sports brand like Li Ning or Nike, there can be no better brand ambassador that a national sports icon. Li Ning has done so by using the name of its founder Li Ning, a former Olympic gold medalist in

Barcode Reader Technology Overview

Barcode Reader Technology Overview A barcode reader (or barcode scanner) is an electronic device for reading printed barcodes. Like a flatbed scanner, it consists of a light source, a lens and a light sensor translating optical impulses into electrical ones. Additionally, nearly all barcode readers contain decoder circuitry analyzing the barcodes image data provided by the sensor and sending the barcodes content to the scanners output port. Methods Scanning methods are distinguished by the amount of operator manipulation required: Pen or wand-type readers: requires the operator to swipe the pen over the code. Semi-automatic handheld readers: The operator need not swipe, but must at least position the reader near the label Fix-mount readers for automatic reading: The reading is performed laterally passing the label over the reader. No operator is required, but the position of the code target must coincide with the imaging capability of the reader and ll Reader gates for automatic scanning: The position of the code must be just under the gate for short time, enabling the scanner sweep to capture the code target successfully. Types Of Technology The reader types can be distinguished as follows: Pen Type Readers Pen type readers consist of a light source and a photodiode that are placed next to each other in the tip of a pen or wand. To read a bar code, the tip of the pen moves across the bars in a steady motion. The photodiode measures the intensity of the light reflected back from the light source and generates a waveform that is used to measure the widths of the bars and spaces in the bar code. Dark bars in the bar code absorb light and white spaces reflect light so that the voltage waveform generated by the photo diode is a representation of the bar and space pattern in the bar code. This waveform is decoded by the scanner in a manner similar to the way Morse code dots and dashes are decoded. Laser Scanners Laser scanners work the same way as pen type readers except that they use a laser beam as the light source and typically employ either a reciprocating mirror or a rotating prism to scan the laser beam back and forth across the bar code. As with the pen type reader, a photodiode is used to measure the intensity of the light reflected back from the bar code. In both pen readers and laser scanners, the light emitted by the reader is tuned to a specific frequency and the photodiode is designed to detect only this modulated light of the same frequency. CCD Readers CCD readers (also referred to as LED scanner) use an array of hundreds of tiny light sensors lined up in a row in the head of the reader. Each sensor measures the intensity of the light immediately in front of it. Each individual light sensor in the CCD reader is extremely small and because there are hundreds of sensors lined up in a row, a voltage pattern identical to the pattern in a bar code is generated in the reader by sequentially measuring the voltages across each sensor in the row. The important difference between a CCD reader and a pen or laser scanner is that the CCD reader is measuring emitted ambient light from the bar code whereas pen or laser scanners are measuring reflected light of a specific frequency originating from the scanner itself. Camera-Based Readers 2D imaging scanners are the fourth and newest type of bar code reader currently available. They use a small video camera to capture an image of a bar code. The reader then uses sophisticated digital image processing techniques to decode the bar code. Video cameras use the same CCD technology as in a CCD bar code reader except that instead of having a single row of sensors, a video camera has hundreds of rows of sensors arranged in a two dimensional array so that they can generate an image. There are a number of open source libraries for barcode reading from images. These include the ZXing project, which reads one- and two-dimensional barcodes using Android and JavaME, the JJIL project, which includes code for reading EAN-13 barcodes from cellphone cameras using J2ME, and Zebra (Changed name to ZBAR), which reads various one-dimensional barcodes in C. Even web site integration, either by image uploads (e.g. Folke Ashberg: EAN-13 Image-Scanning and code creation tools) or by use of plugins (e.g. the Barcodepedia uses a flash application and some web cam for querying a database), have been realized options for resolving the given tasks. Omni-Directional Barcode Scanners Omni-directional scanning uses series of straight or curved scanning lines of varying directions in the form of a starburst, a lissajous pattern, or other multiangle arrangement are projected at the symbol and one or more of them will be able to cross all of the symbols bars and spaces, no matter what the orientation. Omni-directional scanners almost all use a laser. Unlike the simpler single-line laser scanners, they produce a pattern of beams in varying orientations allowing them to read barcodes presented to it at different angles. Most of them use a single rotating polygonal mirror and an arrangement of several fixed mirrors to generate their complex scan patterns. Omni-directional scanners are most familiar through the horizontal scanners in supermarkets, where packages are slid across a glass or sapphire window. There are a range of different omni-directional units available which can be used for differing scanning applications, ranging from retail type applications with the barcodes read only a few centimetres away from the scanner to industrial conveyor scanning where the unit can be a couple of metres away or more from the code. Omni-directional scanners are also better at reading poorly printed, wrinkled, or even torn barcodes. Housing Types The reader packaging can be distinguished as follows: Handheld scanner: with a handle and typically a trigger button for switching on the light source. Pen scanner (or wand scanner): a pen-shaped scanner that is swiped. Stationary scanner: wall- or table-mounted scanners that the barcode is passed under or beside. These are commonly found at the checkout counters of supermarkets and other retailers. Fixed position scanner: an industrial barcode reader used to identify products during manufacture or logistics. Often used on conveyor tracks to identify cartons or pallets which need to be routed to another process or shipping location. Another application joins holographic scanners with a checkweigher to read bar codes of any orientation or placement, and weighs the package. Systems like this are used in factory and farm automation for quality management and shipping. PDA scanner: a PDA with a built-in barcode reader or attached barcode scanner e.g. Grabba. Automatic reader: a back office equipment to read barcoded documents at high speed (50,000/hour) e.g. Multiscan MT31 Methods Of Connection Early Serial Interfaces Early barcode scanners, of all formats, almost universally used the then-common RS232 serial interface. This was an electrically simple means of connection and the software to access it is also relatively simple, although needing to be written for specific computers and their serial ports.{10} Proprietary Interfaces There are a few other less common interfaces. These were used in large EPOS systems with dedicated hardware, rather than attaching to existing commodity computers. Wand emulation is another output type that takes the raw wave and decodes it, normalizing the output so it can be easily decoded by the host device. Wand emulation can also convert symbologies that may not be recognized by the host device into another symbology (typically Code 39) that can be easily decoded.{11} Keyboard Wedges With the popularity of the PC and its standard keyboard interface, it became ever easier to connect physical hardware to a PC and so there was commercial demand similarly to reduce the complexity of the associated software. Keyboard wedge hardware plugged between the PC and its normal keyboard, with characters from the barcode scanner appearing exactly as if they had been typed at the keyboard. This made the addition of simple barcode reading abilities to existing programs very easy, without any need to change them, although it did require some care by the user and could be restrictive in the content of the barcodes that could be handled. Later barcode readers began to use USB connectors rather than the keyboard port, as this became a more convenient hardware option. To retain the easy integration with existing programs, a device driver called a software wedge could be used, to emulate the keyboard-impersonating behaviour of the old keyboard wedge hardware. PS/2 Port Most barcode readers now use a PS/2 or USB cable for output: PS/2 cables are connected to the host computer in a Y formation, the PS/2 keyboard port with its first end, to the keyboard with its second, and to the barcode reader with its third end. The barcode characters are then received by the host computer as if they came from its keyboard decoded and converted to keyboard input within the scanner housing. This makes it easy to interface the bar code reader to any application that is written to accept keyboard input USB is supported by many newer scanners. In many cases a choice of USB interface types (HID, CDC) are provided. Some have Powered USB. Wireless Networking Modern handheld barcode readers are operated in wireless networks according to IEEE 802.11g (WLAN) or IEEE 802.15.3 (Blueooth). However, such configuration limits the time of operation from battery or rechargeable battery and required recharging at least after a shift of operation. Resolution The scanner resolution is measured by the size of the dot of light emitted by the reader. If this dot of light is wider than any bar or space in the bar code, then it will overlap two elements (two spaces or two bars) and it may produce wrong output. On the other hand, if a too small dot of light is used, then it can misinterpret any spot on the bar code making the final output wrong. The most commonly used dimension is 13 mils (0.3302 mm). As it is a very high resolution, it is extremely important to have bar codes created with a high resolution graphic application. While cell phone cameras are not suitable for many traditional barcodes, there are 2D barcodes (such as Semacode) which are optimized for cell phones. These open up a number of applications for consumers: Movies: DVD/VHS movie catalogs Music: CD catalogs, play MP3 when scanned Book catalogs Groceries, nutrition information, making shopping lists when the last of an item is used, etc. Personal Property inventory (for insurance and other purposes) Calling cards: 2D barcodes can store contact information for importing. Brick and mortar shopping: Portable scanners can be used to record items of interest for looking up online at home. Coupon management: weeding expired coupons. Personal finance. Receipts can be tagged with a barcode label and the barcode scanned into personal finance software when entering. Later, scanned receipt images can then be automatically associated with the appropriate entries. Later, the bar codes can be used to rapidly weed out paper copies not required to be retained for tax or asset inventory purposes. If retailers put barcodes on receipts that allowed downloading an electronic copy or encoded the entire receipt in a 2D barcode, consumers could easily import data into personal finance, property inventory, and grocery management software. Receipts scanned on a scanner could be automatically identified and associated with the appropriate entries in finance and property inventory software. Code 39 Code 39 (known as USS Code 39, Code 3/9, Code 3 of 9, USD-3, Alpha39, Type 39) is a barcode symbology that can encode uppercase letters (A through Z), digits (0 through 9) and a handful of special characters like the $ sign. A Code 39 Barcode Label The barcode itself does not contain a check digit (in contrast to—for instance—Code 128), but it can be considered self-checking by some; on the grounds that a single erroneously interpreted bar cannot generate another valid character. Possibly the most serious drawback of Code 39 is its low data density: It requires more space to encode data in Code 39 than, for example, in Code 128. This means that very small goods cannot be labeled with a Code 39 based barcode. However, Code 39 is still widely used and can be decoded with virtually any barcode reader. One advantage of Code 39 is that since there is no need to generate a check digit, it can easily be integrated into existing printing system by adding a barcode font to the system or printer and then printing the raw data in that font. The name Code 39 is derived from the fact that three of the nine elements that constitute a codeword are wide elements, the remaining six are narrow. Code 39 was developed by Dr. David Allais and Ray Stevens of Intermec in 1974. It was later standardised as ANSI MH 10.8 M-1983 and MIL-STD-1189. The width ratio between narrow and wide can be chosen between 1:2 and 1:3. The details of CODE 39 can be seen in Appendix A.

The Bereavement Journey :: essays research papers

The Bereavement Journey Breavement is handeled differently in different generations. Weather it is a kid that has a terminal illness or an elderly person who is diagnosed with a terminal illness, each breave differently. Breavement deals with not just someone clsoe dying but, someone themselvs who is diagnosed with a life threatening illness. Kids are more afair of death than adults are. Kids do not underdstand death like adults. In one of our class discussions , Dr. Bradshaw told our class a story about how he went to Yale New Haven hospital (I think) and Dr. Bradshaw stated that a young boy who was a terminal cancer patient drew him a picture of a tank going after him. When Dr. Bradshaw told our class this , it was then clear to me that a child does not understand death as well as adults. But there are also ways a parent can help a child with breavement like buying the child a pet and when that pet dies, explain to the kid whay the pet died and that it can not be replaced. â€Å"childeren are capeable of experiencing greif† (DeSpilder 359). Childeren tend to be more quiet when dealing with a death of someone close. Childeren like to forget the sight of a dead one and try and move on without talking to anyone. Adults experience greif more open. When a certain person reaches adult hood , more and more people that he or she knows is going to die, a parent can die, a friend, and even a child. The most extemem death a parent can experience is death of a child. â€Å" the death of a child may be experienced as the ultimate lack of protection and nuture, the ultimate breakdown and failure in being a â€Å"good parent†Ã¢â‚¬ . When and adult experiences a deah he or she will be more open and go to counceling or actually talk to someone, and talking to somneone about your problems is a good way of breavement. Elderly when dealing with deaht and breavement is also an extreme. An elderly is close to death as is, but his or her friends are starting to die repidly and most of all a spouse is very close to end of life.

A Biographical Approach to the Poem The Whipping by Robert Hayden Essay

Robert Hayden is one of the best-known American poets of his time. However, he is also one of the most underrated poets of all time, arguably not as much accolades as other poets of the same era. His poems exude admirable sincerity and tremendous grasp of poetic devices. His beautiful poem â€Å"The Whipping† is regarded as one of his finest work. A biographical approach to the poem would reveal to us that Hayden transforms his bitter memories to a sumptuous work of art. The poem is basically about a woman whipping a boy, for some reason that is not explicitly stated in the poem. The second line â€Å"is whipping the boy again† tells us that violent act is being carried on regularly. The reader immediately would assume that the woman is the mother of the boy, regardless if the woman is the boy’s biological or foster parent. The picture that Hayden had painted is vividly painful. The lines â€Å"she strikes and strikes the shrilly circling / boy till the stick breaks† suggests the level of anger of the woman and the fear and pain of the boy. The woman stopped whipping the boy only when the stick was already broken. Halfway through the poem, the author shifts from third to first person â€Å"words could bring the face that I / no longer knew or loved†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Those first person lines suggest to the readers that the speaking persona could have undergone the same kind of treatment. The line â€Å"well, it is over now, it is over† is a potent hint that the narrator is recalling his past. He is able to forgive the one that whipped him. However, he is unable to shake off the memories of being whipped as a boy. A peek to Hayden’s biography is likely to lead us to clues that had led him to conceive this poem. Hayden was born and grew up in a Detroit ghetto which the people there called Paradise Valley. During that time, violence, in the form of corporal punishment, was not uncommon. Hayden also had an irregular family life as a child. His biological parents were separated even before his birth. A couple who also exhibited a volatile relationship took him in. As a child, Hayden had witnessed domestic violence from both his biological and foster parents (Greasely 251-252). Hayden had shown us admirable honesty through his poem â€Å"The Whipping. Corporal punishment is not much talked about by adults, probably because they are now currently the ones guilty of whipping their children. Hayden had shared his memories to us to convey a message that would be vital for any community. He is suggesting to us that corporal punishment is more likely to generate childhood trauma than discipline. Moreover, he is also arguing that violence to a child is injustice. Parents blaming their child for their â€Å"lifelong hidings† are the primary reason why this vicious cycle of violence is still ongoing.

Medication administration by unlicensed staff Essays

Medication administration by unlicensed staff Essays Medication administration by unlicensed staff Paper Medication administration by unlicensed staff Paper Due to the increasing number of healthcare institution but insufficient number of medical staffs like registered nurses, non registered nurse s are now being hired by different healthcare institution to meet the need of their patients in providing medical services (Zimmermann, 2000). We all now that almost profession today must first take their board exam to determine whether a person given a specific profession is ready to perform his task depending on his chosen career. An aspiring civil engineers must take and pass the engineering board exams before they will design and construct buildings and other infrastructures. A graduate of law must pass first his bar examination before going to a court and defend his client. A doctor aspirant must first pass the doctoral examination before e or she can be call a doctor. Almost all profession needs examination because it tells whether that person is capable of doing its profession. Professional Board exam serves as an ethical and professional standard and it does standardize the procedure on qualifying all aspiring graduate students on their profession. Like what is discussed in the above paragraph, board exam is very important because many companies and industries are looking for passed board and bar examinees before they will hire them. But like what is stated in the first paragraph, unregistered nurse are now being introduced in a healthcare institution to fill up the limited number of registered burse. In this paper, the advantages as well the disadvantages of employing and using unregistered nurses in administration of medication in a healthcare institution will be examined and discussed. The discussion will start on the advantages of using unregistered nurses on the said position. One of the most important reasons why many medical institution are now accepting unregistered nurses is because on the shortage of registered nurses to meet the increasing medical services. It is very evident that there is an increasing in population in the country and this means an increase also on people who wants to have medical services. One of the advantages of using unregistered nurses in a medication administration is that, these unregistered nurses can be allocated in different tasks like clerical and technical tasks. These nonprofessional tasks are part of the work of a registered nurse. Thus, if these nonprofessional tasks will be given the responsibility to other people who are the unregistered nurses, then the registered nurses and medical technicians will have the chance to focus their medical task which leads to less medical errors (Burruss, Ashworth, Arikian, 1993). A study was conducted to determine if there is a statistical difference on the medical error committed by registered nurses and the unregistered one. From the result, it showed that registered nurse commit more medical errors than with the unregistered nurse. The result was supported by the discussion on the difference in terms of medical task of a registered and an unregistered nurse. This is because, unregistered nurse focus only on one task while the registered nurse has multiple tasks. Thus, unregistered nurse is very important in a healthcare institution in helping the registered nurse take the burden in providing medical service (Burruss et al. , 1993). Given the advantages of using unregistered nurses on medication administration, there are also disadvantages. Medication administration is very sensitive task in a healthcare industry. This task sees to it that the patient is in good hand and that the medical service given to a patient must be efficient and effective. The nurse that takes in charge on the welfare of their patient must have sufficient practical experience in applying their knowledge and skills in medication administration. And this sensitive part can only be done by a registered nurse because these registered nurses undergo an effective preparation that is essential in their nursing training (Wright, 2005). Another reason why unregistered nurse are not allowed to work in a medication administration task is that, there are times that unsupervised medicines is needed by time (Zimmermann, 2000). When this time comes, unregistered has no basic knowledge in doing this task. Also, if accidents happen, they are not accountable on using unsupervised medicines (Wright, 2005). References: Burruss, R. A. , Ashworth, N. D. , Arikian, V. L. (1993). Medication administration by non-RN personnel: A safe and cost-effective response to the RN shortage. : The Health Care Supervisor. Wright, K. (2005). Unsupervised medication administration by nursing students [Electronic Version]. Retrieved November 16, 2007, from nursing-standard. co. uk/archives/ns/vol19-39/pdfs/v19n39p4954. pdf Zimmermann, P. G. (2000). The use of unlicensed assistive personnel: An update and skeptical look at a role that may present more problems than solutions [Electronic Version], 26. Retrieved November 16, 2007, from jenonline. org/article/PIIS0099176700581252/abstract

Free Essays on The Murder Of Abraham Lincoln

John Wilkes Booth, born May 10, 1838, was an actor who performed throughout the country in many plays. He was the lead in some of William Shakespeare's most famous works. Additionally, he was a racist and Southern sympathizer during the Civil War. He hated Abraham Lincoln who represented everything Booth was against. Booth blamed Lincoln for all the South's ills. He wanted revenge. In late summer of 1864 Booth began developing plans to kidnap Lincoln, take him to Richmond (the Confederate capital), and hold him in return for Confederate prisoners of war. By January, 1865, Booth had organized a group of co-conspirators that included Samuel Arnold, Michael O‘ Laughlen, John Surratt, Lewis Powell (also called Lewis Paine or Payne), George Atzerodt, and David Herold. Additionally, Booth met with Dr. Samuel Mudd both in Maryland (where Mudd lived) and Washington, and he began using Mary Surratt’s boardinghouse to meet with his co-conspirators. On March 17, 1865, the group planned to capture Lincoln who was scheduled to attend a play at a hospital located on the outskirts of Washington. However, the President changed plans and remained in the capital. Thus, Booth's plot to kidnap Lincoln failed.... Free Essays on The Murder Of Abraham Lincoln Free Essays on The Murder Of Abraham Lincoln John Wilkes Booth, born May 10, 1838, was an actor who performed throughout the country in many plays. He was the lead in some of William Shakespeare's most famous works. Additionally, he was a racist and Southern sympathizer during the Civil War. He hated Abraham Lincoln who represented everything Booth was against. Booth blamed Lincoln for all the South's ills. He wanted revenge. In late summer of 1864 Booth began developing plans to kidnap Lincoln, take him to Richmond (the Confederate capital), and hold him in return for Confederate prisoners of war. By January, 1865, Booth had organized a group of co-conspirators that included Samuel Arnold, Michael O‘ Laughlen, John Surratt, Lewis Powell (also called Lewis Paine or Payne), George Atzerodt, and David Herold. Additionally, Booth met with Dr. Samuel Mudd both in Maryland (where Mudd lived) and Washington, and he began using Mary Surratt’s boardinghouse to meet with his co-conspirators. On March 17, 1865, the group planned to capture Lincoln who was scheduled to attend a play at a hospital located on the outskirts of Washington. However, the President changed plans and remained in the capital. Thus, Booth's plot to kidnap Lincoln failed....

Constructivism learning Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Constructivism learning - Research Paper Example Constructivism allows the learners to participate actively in the learning process as they get the opportunity to share what they think of a topic. Unlike in the traditional method of learning where the teacher gives all the information to the students, constructivism allows the students to ask questions and even discuss amongst themselves. They relate what they learn with their experiences and relationships and develop a clear understanding of themselves and what they learn.Discussing with each other also makes it easy to understand what they learn. The mode of learning also provides a platform where the students can ask the teacher questions in case they do not understand a concept. Constructivism also helps students to develop a high self-esteem because the teachers believe in their ability to gain and interpret knowledge. The traditional method of learning only allowed students to believe what the teacher taught them without any question. The students believed that what the teach er taught them was the final word, and they were not allowed to debate about it, regardless of whether they knew it was wrong. Constructivism, however, gives the learners a chance question what they learn and even develop new concepts that suit them. They do this by researching widely in the libraries or on the internet. Constructivism ensures that all the students are treated in a fair manner. It encourages all the students to participate in learning, regardless of whether they are sure about the topic of discussion or not.

Medical mangement of chronic renal failure Research Paper

Medical mangement of chronic renal failure - Research Paper Example After the body absorbs what is needed from food for self-repairs and energy, the remainder is waste that is sent to the blood. However, these functions of the kidney are hindered by attacks on nephrons resulting in the loss of their filtering ability. High blood pressure and diabetes are responsible for renal failure, thereby resulting in slow and silent destruction of the nephrons. Kidney failure can be chronic, acute or end stage. In this paper, the discussion focuses on the medical management of chronic renal failure. This discussion defines chronic renal failure, medical tests to detect kidney failure, and management of chronic renal failure. Detection of kidney disease People may exhibit signs and symptoms of chronic renal failure. However, some have no symptoms and the doctor detects kidney condition through regular urine and blood tests. The three key simple tests recommended by the National Kidney Foundation are blood pressure measurement, spot check for albumin or protein in urine, and Glomerular filtration rate or GFR based on serum creatinine measurement (Alters, 2000). Blood pressure measurement involves the use of a dedicated cuff to obtain systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Microalbuminuria condition results from the failure of kidneys to separate albumin from blood protein. Proteinuria is the resultant condition of increased blood protein and albumin. Dipstick color indicates the presence or absence of proteinuria. Kidney biopsy and kidney imaging are also viable ways of detecting kidney failure (SIGN, 2008). Management of Chronic Kidney disease or CKD CKD is kidney failure that occurs over a lengthy duration. This duration could be months or years. However, the major causes of renal failure are diabetes and high blood pressure that are poorly managed and chronic glomerulonephritis. Other causes of CKD that are less pronounced include kidney stones, reflux nephropathy, prostrate disease and polycystic kidney disease. The most unfortunate thin g is that there is no cure for CKD. However, in its early stages kidney failure can be managed allowing the patients to live longer. This requires the observation of several steps that must ensure that heart attacks and stroke risks are minimized since such patients are vulnerable. According to Schoolwerth, McClellan and Gehr (2006), Chronic Kidney disease treatment is intended at preventing or slowing additional damage to patient’s kidneys. Proper treatment requires that underlying conditions like diabetes or high blood pressure that cause kidney disease be identified and managed. The management of such diseases prevents situations that cause kidney damage or worsen it (SIGN, 2008). For most patients, classification falls within mild and moderate categories and hospital-based management is not necessary. For most of the patients in these categories, the most significant aspect is controlling the cardiovascular influence on patient’s renal disease. This management is m ore significant than the risk of developing end stage renal failure. Daugirdas (2011) reveals that this classification guidance is directed according to severity of the damage. The stages of chronic kidney disease are grouped in five categories. The first stage is slight kidney damage characterized by normal or increased filtration and GFR more than 90. The second stage is mild kidney function characterized by 60 to 89 GFR. Stage three